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Anoxic phosphorus removal in a pilot scale anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch process

Hongxun HOU, Shuying WANG, Yongzhen PENG, Zhiguo YUAN, Fangfang YIN, Wang GAN

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 106-111 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0005-8

摘要: The anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch (A /O OD) process is popularly used to eliminate nutrients from domestic wastewater. In order to identify the existence of denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria (DPB), evaluate the contribution of DPB to biological nutrient removal, and enhance the denitrifying phosphorus removal in the A /O OD process, a pilot-scale A /O OD plant (375 L) was conducted. At the same time batch tests using sequence batch reactors (12 L and 4 L) were operated to reveal the significance of anoxic phosphorus removal. The results indicated that: The average removal efficiency of COD, , , and TN were 88.2%, 92.6%, 87.8%, and 73.1%, respectively, when the steady state of the pilot-scale A /O OD plant was reached during 31-73 d, demonstrating a good denitrifying phosphorus removal performance. Phosphorus uptake took place in the anoxic zone by poly-phosphorus accumulating organisms could be used as electron receptors in denitrifying phosphorus removal, and the phosphorus uptake rate with as the electron receptor was higher than that with when the initial concentration of either or was 40 mg/L.

关键词: wastewater treatment     anaerobic-anoxic (A2/O)     oxidation ditch (OD)     biological phosphorus removal     denitrifying phosphorus removal    

Advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal in A

Jianhua WANG, Yongzhen PENG, Yongzhi CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 474-480 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0360-0

摘要: A laboratory-scale anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process (A O) with a small aerobic zone and a bigger anoxic zone and biologic aerated filter (A O-BAF) system was operated to treat low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio domestic wastewater. The A O process was employed mainly for organic matter and phosphorus removal, and for denitrification. The BAF was only used for nitrification which coupled with a settling tank Compared with a conventional A O process, the suspended activated sludge in this A O-BAF process contained small quantities of nitrifier, but nitrification overwhelmingly conducted in BAF. So the system successfully avoided the contradiction in sludge retention time (SRT) between nitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs). Denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (DPAOs) played an important role in removing up to 91% of phosphorus along with nitrogen, which indicated that the suspended activated sludge process presented a good denitrifying phosphorus removal performance. The average removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and were 85.56%, 92.07%, 81.24% and 98.7% respectively. The effluent quality consistently satisfied the national first level A effluent discharge standard of China. The average sludge volume index (SVI) was 85.4 mL·g additionally, the volume ratio of anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic zone in A O process was also investigated, and the results demonstrated that the optimum value was 1∶6∶2.

关键词: Anoxic zone and biologic aerated filter (A2O-BAF) system     domestic wastewater with low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio     advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal     denitrifying phosphorus removal    

Deciphering the effect of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate on up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket treatment

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1385-z

摘要:

• UASB reactor can work efficiently with high COD/SO42- ratios when SDBS exists.

关键词: Up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket     Organic sulfur     Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate     COD/SO42 ratio     Microbial community    

Effect of short-term atrazine addition on the performance of an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process

Changyong WU, Xiaoling LI, Zhiqiang CHEN, Yongzhen PENG,

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 150-156 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0020-9

摘要: In this study, an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (AO) wastewater treatment process was implemented to treat domestic wastewater with short-term atrazine addition. The results provided an evaluation on the effects of an accidental pollution on the operation of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in relation to Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and biological nutrient removal. Domestic wastewater with atrazine addition in 3 continuous days was treated when steady biological nutrient removal was achieved in the AO process. The concentrations of atrazine were 15, 10, and 5mg·L on days 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The results showed that atrazine addition did not affect the removal of COD. The specific NH NO reduction rate decreased slightly due to the short-term atrazine addition. However, it did not affect the nitrogen removal due to the high nitrification and denitrification capacity of the system. Total nitrogen (TN) removal was steady, and more than 70% was removed during the period studied. The phosphorus removal rate was not affected by the short-term addition of atrazine under the applied experimental conditions. However, more poly-hydroxy-alkanoate (PHA) was generated and utilized during atrazine addition. The results of the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) showed that the respiration of nitrifiers decreased significantly, while the activity of carbon utilizers had no obvious change with the atrazine addition. Atrazine was not removed with the AO process, even via absorption by the activated sludge in the process of the short-term addition of atrazine.

关键词: biological nutrient removal     atrazine     anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (A2O) process     oxygen demand removal     oxygen uptake rate (OUR)    

Performance and mechanism of carbamazepine removal by FeS-SO process: experimental investigation and DFT calculations

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1713-1

摘要:

● Synergistic removal of carbamazepine (CBZ) was obtained in the FeS-S2O82– process.

关键词: FeS     S2O82–     Carbamazepine     DFT calculations     Degradation routes    

Effects of Al

Lanhe Zhang, Jing Zheng, Jingbo Guo, Xiaohui Guan, Suiyi Zhu, Yanping Jia, Jian Zhang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Haifeng Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1169-5

摘要: The highest removal efficiencies of COD and TN were achieved under 10 mg/L of Al3+. The highest TP removal efficiency occurred under 30 mg/L of Al3+. EPS, PS and PN concentrations increased with the addition of Al3+. Sludge properties significantly changed with the addition of Al3+. Aluminum ions produced by aluminum mining, electrolytic industry and aluminum-based coagulants can enter wastewater treatment plants and interact with activated sludge. They can subsequently contribute to the removal of suspended solids and affect activated sludge flocculation, as well as nitrogen and phosphorus removal. In this study, the effects of Al3+ on pollutant removal, sludge flocculation and the composition and structure of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were investigated under anaerobic, anoxic and oxic conditions. Results demonstrated that the highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies were detected for an Al3+ concentration of 10 mg/L. In addition, the maximal dehydrogenase activity and sludge flocculation were also observed at this level of Al3+. The highest removal efficiency of total phosphorus (TP) was achieved at an Al3+ concentration of 30 mg/L. The flocculability of sludge in the anoxic zone was consistently higher than that in the anaerobic and oxic zones. The addition of Al3+ promoted the secretion of EPS. Tryptophan-like fluorescence peaks were detected in each EPS layer in the absence of Al3+. At the Al3+ concentration of 10 mg/L, fulvic acid and tryptophan fluorescence peaks began to appear, while the majority of protein species and the highest microbial activity were also detected. Low Al3+ concentrations (<10 mg/L) could promote the removal efficiencies of COD and TN, yet excessive Al3+ levels (>10 mg/L) weakened microbial activity. Higher Al3+ concentrations (>30 mg/L) also inhibited the release of phosphorus in the anaerobic zone by reacting with PO43-.

关键词: Extracellular polymeric substances     Activated sludge     Aluminum ion     A2O     Wastewater    

Selective recovery of Cu

Haiping LUO,Bangyu QIN,Guangli LIU,Renduo ZHANG,Yabo TANG,Yanping HOU

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 522-527 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0633-5

摘要: As the bioelectrochemical system, the microbial fuel cell (MFC) and the microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) were developed to selectively recover Cu and Ni ions from wastewater. The wastewater was treated in the cathode chambers of the system, in which Cu and Ni ions were removed by using the MFC and the MEC, respectively. At an initial Cu concentration of 500 mg·L , removal efficiencies of Cu increased from 97.0%±1.8% to 99.0%±0.3% with the initial Ni concentrations from 250 to 1000 mg·L , and maximum power densities increased from 3.1±0.5 to 5.4±0.6 W·m . The Ni removal mass in the MEC increased from 6.8±0.2 to 20.5±1.5 mg with the increase of Ni concentrations. At an initial Ni concentration of 500 mg·L , Cu removal efficiencies decreased from 99.1%±0.3% to 74.2%±3.8% with the initial Cu concentrations from 250 to 1000 mg·L , and maximum power densities increased from 3.0±0.1 to 6.3±1.2 W·m . Subsequently, the Ni removal efficiencies decreased from 96.9%±3.1% to 73.3%±5.4%. The results clearly demonstrated the feasibility of selective recovery of Cu and Ni from the wastewater using the bioelectrochemical system.

关键词: bioelectrochemical system     Cu2+     Ni2+     selective recovery    

Innate and adaptive T cells in influenza disease

null

《医学前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 34-47 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0606-8

摘要:

Influenza is a major global health problem, causing infections of the respiratory tract, often leading to acute pneumonia, life-threatening complications and even deaths. Over the last seven decades, vaccination strategies have been utilized to protect people from complications of influenza, especially groups at high risk of severe disease. While current vaccination regimens elicit strain-specific antibody responses, they fail to generate cross-protection against seasonal, pandemic and avian viruses. Moreover, vaccines designed to generate influenza-specific T-cell responses are yet to be optimized. During natural infection, viral replication is initially controlled by innate immunity before adaptive immune responses (T cells and antibody-producing B cells) achieve viral clearance and host recovery. Adaptive T and B cells maintain immunological memory and provide protection against subsequent infections with related influenza viruses. Recent studies also shed light on the role of innate T-cells (MAIT cells, gd T cells, and NKT cells) in controlling influenza and linking innate and adaptive immune mechanisms, thus making them attractive targets for vaccination strategies. We summarize the current knowledge on influenza-specific innate MAIT and gd T cells as well as adaptive CD8+ and CD4+ T cells, and discuss how these responses can be harnessed by novel vaccine strategies to elicit cross-protective immunity against different influenza strains and subtypes.

关键词: influenza     innate T cells     CD4+ and CD8+ T cells     vaccination    

NETO2 promotes melanoma progression via activation of the Ca/CaMKII signaling pathway

《医学前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 263-274 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0935-0

摘要: Melanoma is the most aggressive cutaneous tumor. Neuropilin and tolloid-like 2 (NETO2) is closely related to tumorigenesis. However, the functional significance of NETO2 in melanoma progression remains unclear. Herein, we found that NETO2 expression was augmented in melanoma clinical tissues and associated with poor prognosis in melanoma patients. Disrupting NETO2 expression markedly inhibited melanoma proliferation, malignant growth, migration, and invasion by downregulating the levels of calcium ions (Ca2+) and the expression of key genes involved in the calcium signaling pathway. By contrast, NETO2 overexpression had the opposite effects. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of CaMKII/CREB activity with the CaMKII inhibitor KN93 suppressed NETO2-induced proliferation and melanoma metastasis. Overall, this study uncovered the crucial role of NETO2-mediated regulation in melanoma progression, indicating that targeting NETO2 may effectively improve melanoma treatment.

关键词: melanoma     neuropilin and tolloid-like 2     Ca2+/CaMKII signaling pathway    

配位不饱和Au-O-Ti<sup>3+sup>活性位点的构建及其在低温丙烯气相环氧化反应中强化氢气效率的研究 Article

宋钊宁, 闫昊, 袁俊聪, 马宏飞, 曹建琳, 王永祥, 王强, 彭冲, 邓风, 冯翔, 陈德, 杨朝合, 胡永康

《工程(英文)》 2023年 第25卷 第6期   页码 144-156 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.01.008

摘要:

自1998年以来,人们广泛认为Au/Ti基催化剂的Au-O-Ti<sup>4+sup>位点是在相对高温条件下丙烯气相环氧化反应的活性位点,但该类催化剂的H2有效利用率普遍较低本工作发现了一种在相对低温条件下丙烯气相环氧化反应的新活性位点Au-O-Ti<sup>3+sup>。本工作通过调整处理后S-1晶种中Si-OH和Bu3NH<sup>+sup>的量,定量构建了Au-O-Ti<sup>3+sup>活性位点。并且利用原位紫外-可见光谱(operando UV-vis)技术研究了Ti-OOH反应中间体的动态演化过程,结果表明,在Au-O-Ti<sup>3+sup>活性位点上的Ti-OOH的生成速率比在Au-O-TiTi<sup>3+sup>位点促进了Au和Ti<sup>3+sup>之间的电子转移,从而增强了催化剂对O2的吸附能力,有效促进H2O2

关键词: 丙烯环氧化     H2有效利用率     Au/Ti双功能催化剂     配位不饱和Ti位点     密度泛函理论    

动态二叉树表示环境的A<sup>*sup>算法及其在足球机器人路径规划中的实现

唐平,杨宜民

《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第9期   页码 50-53

摘要:

提出采用二叉树表示二维空间的方法,对全局路径规划和局部路径规划进行综合考虑,设计移动机器人在复杂环境下对动态障碍物进行避障的A<sup>*sup>算法。

关键词: 动态二叉树     A<sup>*sup>算法     路径规划    

Effect of noble metal nanoparticle size on C–N bond cleavage performance in hydrodenitrogenation: a study of active sites

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第12期   页码 1986-2000 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2337-5

摘要: Breakage of the C–N bond is a structure sensitive process, and the catalyst size significantly affects its activity. On the active metal nanoparticle scale, the role of catalyst size in C–N bond cleavage has not been clearly elucidated. So, Ru catalysts with variable nanoparticle sizes were obtained by modulating the reduction temperature, and the catalytic activity was evaluated using 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline and o-propylaniline with different C–N bond hybridization patterns as reactants. Results showed a 13 times higher reaction rate for sp3-hybridized C–N bond cleavage than sp2-hybridized C–N bond cleavage, while the reaction rate tended to increase first and then decrease as the catalyst nanoparticle size increased. Different concentrations of terrace, step, and corner sites were found in different sizes of Ru nanoparticles. The relationship between catalytic site variation and C–N bond cleavage activity was further investigated by calculating the turnover frequency values for each site. This analysis indicates that the variation of different sites on the catalyst is the intrinsic factor of the size dependence of C–N bond cleavage activity, and the step atoms are the active sites for the C–N bond cleavage. When Ru nanoparticles are smaller than 1.9 nm, they have a strong adsorption effect on the reactants, which will affect the catalytic performance of the Ru catalyst. Furthermore, these findings were also confirmed on other metallic Pd/Pt catalysts. The role of step sites in C–N bond cleavage was proposed using the density function theory calculations. The reactants have stronger adsorption energies on the step atoms, and step atoms have d-band center nearer to the Fermi level. In this case, the interaction with the reactant is stronger, which is beneficial for activating the C–N bond of the reactant.

关键词: sp3/sp2-hybridized C–N bond     noble metal nanoparticle     catalytic active site     turnover frequency     DFT    

On the monolayer dispersion behavior of Co3O4 on HZSM-5 support: designing applicable

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第17卷 第11期   页码 1741-1754 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2332-x

摘要: Based on monolayer dispersion theory, Co3O4/ZSM-5 catalysts with different loadings have been prepared for selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides by ammonia. Co3O4 can spontaneously disperse on HZSM-5 support with a monolayer dispersion threshold of 0.061 mmol 100 m–2, equaling to a weight percentage around 4.5%. It has been revealed that the quantities of surface active oxygen (O2) and acid sites are crucial for the reaction, which can adsorb and activate NOx and NH3 reactants effectively. Below the monolayer dispersion threshold, Co3O4 is finely dispersed as sub-monolayers or monolayers and in an amorphous state, which is favorable to generate the two kinds of active sites, hence promoting the performance of ammonia selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxide. However, the formation of crystalline Co3O4 above the capacity is harmful to the reaction performance. 4% Co3O4/ZSM-5, the catalyst close to the monolayer dispersion capacity, possesses the most abundant active O2 species and acidic sites, thereby demonstrating the best reaction performance in all the samples. It is proposed the optimal Co3O4/ZSM-5 catalyst can be prepared by loading the capacity amount of Co3O4 onto HZSM-5 support.

关键词: Co3O4/ZSM-5     NOx-SCR by NH3     monolayer dispersion threshold effect     surface acid sites     surface active O2 anions    

Clinical significance of CD34<sup>+sup>CD117<sup>dimsup>/CD34<sup>+sup>CD117<sup>brisup> myeloblast-associated

Xueping Li, Yuting Dai, Bing Chen, Jinyan Huang, Saijuan Chen, Lu Jiang

《医学前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 608-620 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0836-7

摘要: t(8;21)(q22;q22) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous hematological malignancy with a high relapse rate in China. Two leukemic myeloblast populations (CD34 CD117 and CD34 CD117 ) were previously identified in t(8;21) AML, and CD34 CD117 cell proportion was determined as an independent factor for this disease outcome. Here, we examined the impact of CD34 CD117 /CD34 CD117 myeloblast-associated gene expression on t(8;21) AML clinical prognosis. In this study, 85 patients with t(8;21) AML were enrolled. The mRNA expression levels of CD34 CD117 -associated genes ( , , and ) and CD34 CD117 -associated genes ( , , and ) were measured using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Associations between gene expression and clinical outcomes were determined using Cox regression models. Results showed that patients with high , , or expression had significantly inferior overall survival (OS), whereas those with high or expression showed relatively favorable prognosis. Univariate analysis revealed that CD19, CD34 CD117 proportion, mutation, minimal residual disease (MRD), and expression levels of , , , and were associated with OS. Multivariate analysis indicated that mutation, MRD and and expression levels were independent prognostic variables for OS. Identifying the clinical relevance of CD34 CD117 /CD34 CD117 myeloblast-associated gene expression may provide new clinically prognostic markers for t(8;21) AML.

关键词: t(8     21)(q22     q22) AML     CD34+CD117dim/ CD34+CD117bri cell population     gene expression     prognosis    

K<sup>+sup> and Na<sup>+sup> fluxes in roots of two Chinese Iris populations

Pinfang LI,Biao ZHANG

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第2期   页码 144-149 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014016

摘要: Maintenance of ion homeostasis, particularly the regulation of K and Na uptake, is important for all plants to adapt to salinity. Observations on ionic response to salinity and net fluxes of K , Na in the root exhibited by plants during salt stress have highlighted the need for further investigation. The objectives of this study were to compare salt adaptation of two Chinese Iris ( Pall. var. (Fisch.) Koidz.) populations, and to improve understanding of adaptation to salinity exhibited by plants. Plants used in this study were grown from seeds collected in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xj) and Beijing Municipality (Bj), China. Hydroponically-grown seedlings of the two populations were supplied with nutrient solutions containing 0.1 (control) and 140 mmol·L NaCl. After 12 days, plants were harvested for determination of relative growth rate and K , Na concentrations. Net fluxes of K , Na from the apex and along the root axis to 10.8 mm were measured using non-invasive micro-test technique. With 140 mmol·L NaCl treatment, shoots for population Xj had larger relative growth rate and higher K concentration than shoots for population Bj. However, the Na concentrations in both shoots and roots were lower for Xj than those for Bj. There was a lower net efflux of K found in population Xj than by Bj in the mature zone (approximately 2.4-10.8 mm from root tip). However, no difference in the efflux of Na between the populations was obtained. Population Xj of continued to grow normally under NaCl stress, and maintained a higher K /Na ratio in the shoots. These traits, which were associated with lower K leakage, help population Xj adapt to saline environments.

关键词: Iris lactea Pall. var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz     population     K+ and Na+     ion flux     non-invasive micro-test technique    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Anoxic phosphorus removal in a pilot scale anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch process

Hongxun HOU, Shuying WANG, Yongzhen PENG, Zhiguo YUAN, Fangfang YIN, Wang GAN

期刊论文

Advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal in A

Jianhua WANG, Yongzhen PENG, Yongzhi CHEN

期刊论文

Deciphering the effect of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate on up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket treatment

期刊论文

Effect of short-term atrazine addition on the performance of an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process

Changyong WU, Xiaoling LI, Zhiqiang CHEN, Yongzhen PENG,

期刊论文

Performance and mechanism of carbamazepine removal by FeS-SO process: experimental investigation and DFT calculations

期刊论文

Effects of Al

Lanhe Zhang, Jing Zheng, Jingbo Guo, Xiaohui Guan, Suiyi Zhu, Yanping Jia, Jian Zhang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Haifeng Zhang

期刊论文

Selective recovery of Cu

Haiping LUO,Bangyu QIN,Guangli LIU,Renduo ZHANG,Yabo TANG,Yanping HOU

期刊论文

Innate and adaptive T cells in influenza disease

null

期刊论文

NETO2 promotes melanoma progression via activation of the Ca/CaMKII signaling pathway

期刊论文

配位不饱和Au-O-Ti<sup>3+sup>活性位点的构建及其在低温丙烯气相环氧化反应中强化氢气效率的研究

宋钊宁, 闫昊, 袁俊聪, 马宏飞, 曹建琳, 王永祥, 王强, 彭冲, 邓风, 冯翔, 陈德, 杨朝合, 胡永康

期刊论文

动态二叉树表示环境的A<sup>*sup>算法及其在足球机器人路径规划中的实现

唐平,杨宜民

期刊论文

Effect of noble metal nanoparticle size on C–N bond cleavage performance in hydrodenitrogenation: a study of active sites

期刊论文

On the monolayer dispersion behavior of Co3O4 on HZSM-5 support: designing applicable

期刊论文

Clinical significance of CD34<sup>+sup>CD117<sup>dimsup>/CD34<sup>+sup>CD117<sup>brisup> myeloblast-associated

Xueping Li, Yuting Dai, Bing Chen, Jinyan Huang, Saijuan Chen, Lu Jiang

期刊论文

K<sup>+sup> and Na<sup>+sup> fluxes in roots of two Chinese Iris populations

Pinfang LI,Biao ZHANG

期刊论文